Chlorate forms when chlorine-based disinfectants react with water. It's a byproduct of water treatment that can interfere with thyroid function, especially in infants and pregnant women.

Chlorate is an unintended consequence of water disinfection using chlorine-based chemicals. It can form and accumulate in water distribution systems over time. The EPA monitors chlorate levels, typically measured in parts per billion (ppb). While chlorate helps ensure safe drinking water by killing harmful microorganisms, its presence raises concerns about potential thyroid effects, particularly in sensitive groups like infants and pregnant women. Ongoing research and regulation aim to balance effective water treatment with minimizing chlorate formation.